Meat Industry Essay Example

Meat Industry Essay The film that I decided to expound on is called Modern Meat and it is delivered by forefront. The film uncovered reality with regards to the historical backdrop of our meat and sicknesses. The film clarifies how the US meat industry was drastically change in the mid 19 50s to build profitability just as benefit. This procedure would have proceeded on the off chance that it wasn’t for the large flare-up that got the public’s consideration. The flare-up that was an e coli flare-up happened in 1993; this flare-up appropriated contaminated meat through a cheap food chain called Jack in the box.The reason this radicalized the business is on the grounds that before this food contamination was considered to just aim stomach throbs and minor indications yet in this flare-up had four lethal setbacks which were youngsters and influenced about 700 individuals. During the 1950s the American meat industry began changing the eating regimen of steers taking care of them corn as oppose d to taking care of them grass. This change effectsly affected the dairy animals they developed a lot quicker. This impact made the dairy animals raisers a great deal of cash since it mean less turnover time from the time the steers is conceived until they are killed and sold.Cows that are taken care of grass develop to a development rate where they get killed at the time of around four or five years of age. Bovines that are taken care of corn are completely developed and killed at fourteen years old months. This adjustment in industry has been truly productive yet at the expense of the bovines wellbeing and processing. The corn influences the cow’s assimilation on the grounds that cow’s absorption is worked to process grass not corn. The second enormous change in the business that happened during the 1950s was in the development of bovines from green fields to taking care of parts. The issue with the taking care of parcels is that the bovines are compelled to live in fertilizer they rest walk all over manure.Feed parts increment the capacity of microorganism to be passed from cow to cow. In these feed parcels it evaluated that up to ? of cows have e coli microscopic organisms in their stomach. Numerous bovines have medical problems and to battle this farmers buys in any event half of anti-infection agents sold in the U. S to place into the bovines food to assist them with battling infections. The bovines are eating these anti-infection agents and it is influencing us since we eat the dairy animals, people are getting impervious to anti-toxins and an enormous piece of the fault is going in to the meat business. Conditions in the pressing plant have an immediate effect on sanitation amburgers used to be the extra meat from butchering one dairy animals, yet now burgers originate from numerous cows which imply that we are possibly getting more microorganisms in our meat. The jack in the case uncovered that meat investigation program had not changed since 1906. After the episode Jack in the case executed a framework called HACCP wich was made by NASA when they were attempting to keep away from food contamination in space journeys. HASSP is quality control unit is diminishes the chance of serving meat with diseases purchase executing exacting rules the meat pressing plant needs to follow.Some of these rules call for: burgers to get cooked altogether cutting surfaces clean, cooling temperature to be right, and make representatives wear gloves. I feel that the meat pressing industry is truly flighty their principle need ought to advance quality meat not benefit. I feel the business chiefs have made a culture where they contend in costs by undermining each other. This activity puts the purchasers in danger of getting food contamination all as a result of profit.In the film there was a woman named Patsy Macke that was a food overseer, she attempted to take a stand in opposition to what she saw at a meat pressing plant and she was te rminated. I feel this sort of activity by the USDA uncovered the way that they are choosing not to see the wellbeing of the buyers they should be securing. I comprehend that representatives at the USDA are doing what they are told, yet there is a social duty of mentioning to the open what truly is going on in the meat pressing industry. This activity of terminating Patsy Macke shows what a terrible pioneer can do in an organization in demoralizing others from approaching.

Report on corporate scandal ( XEROX ) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Report on corporate outrage ( XEROX ) - Essay Example As per Neasa (2010), the organization came to be known in 1959 when it presented Xerox 914. This expanded the company’s income to a bigger degree and furthermore improved the company’s picture to its clients. Numerous individuals moved to Xerox subsequently and this prompted posting of the organization by Chicago Stock Exchange and New York stock trade in 1961. It was the main organization nowadays. What followed were up and coming enterprises with new thoughts which brought a ton of rivalry. Knapp and Michael (2004) states that, with the naming of Archie Mccardell as the president in 1971, the organization presented its first shading copier named Xerox 6500. This was intended to build the company’s deals and particularly to print shops. This was trailed by steady and incessant publicizing which made hoards direct their concentration toward the item. The organization extended generally and wandered into creation of electronic memory typewriters which made the organization increase 25% piece of the pie. Around 1990, the organization began creating computerized printers which gave it an upper hand over its rivals. Drucker (2011), plots that, in 1999, Richard Thoman from IBM was gotten and made the leader of the organization. He acquired inner legislative issues and this came about into his abdication in 2000. The organization acquainted a red advanced x with mean the change from administrative work to computerized. Chesbrough and Rosenbloom (2002), states that with the arrangement of Mulcahy as the president in 2000, the organization experienced an incredible progress which expanded its gainfulness to a great extent, making its underlying great picture continue. On April 11, 2002, the U.S Securities and Exchange Commission documented a body of evidence against Xerox for beguiling the general population through utilization of bookkeeping inconsistencies. It began putting more in innovative work so as to think of new ways and items

Abuse and Neglect Put Children at Risk for Disabilities

Abuse and Neglect Put Children at Risk for Disabilities More in Relationships Violence and Abuse Spouses & Partners LGBTQ Child abuse and neglect have devastating effects on children that can last a lifetime. Abuse and neglect can increase the possibility of a child having a developmental delay and long-term emotional disabilities. These children also have an increased risk of involvement in drugs, sexually risky behavior, and behavioral disabilities. Child abuse may be physical, sexual or emotional. Signs of Child Abuse Children who are experiencing abuse or neglect  may show observable signs. They may be dropped off at school without appropriate clothing for the season, left without supervision too early at school or not picked up well after hours. They may have behavior problems such as acting out or getting multiple discipline referrals. They may also show more withdrawn and emotional behaviors such as crying easily, keeping to themselves or difficulty relating to peers and adults. They are also at risk for poor school performance. Parents or other caregivers who abuse their children are often under a great deal of stress and may take out their stress on the children. They may feel as if there is no problem with their behavior toward the child. In such households, discipline tends to be severe, and physical punishment is the norm. Parents may be emotionally abusive, using harsh language, put-downs, and mocking behavior toward their children. Identifying Child Neglect Child neglect involves denying a child what he needs for basic survival. Inadequate clothing, nutrition, educational and emotional support are examples. Meeting a childs physical needs such as adequate housing, medical care or basic supervision are often problems in neglectful households. Children who are neglected are often poorly prepared for school and may miss school a lot. These children may steal from others in an attempt to get the things they need. They may appear unwashed and unkempt. They may be sick repeatedly for long periods of time. In some cases, children who are not adequately supervised will become involved in drugs or alcohol, and the parents may be unaware of or not care. Physical Abuse Physical abuse occurs when an adult hurts a child causing injury. Physical injury may be caused by hitting, excessive spanking, cigarette burns (or other types of burns or scalds), shaking, kicking or other types of physical violence. Bruises, burns, and cuts in unusual places are possible signs of abuse. Bruises on knees and scraped elbows, however, are usually common injuries children get while playing.   When parents and children give differing explanations for the cause of an injury, abuse may be a factor. Emotional Abuse Emotional abuse leaves scars on children that cannot always be seen. Emotional abuse negatively affects a childs psychological and emotional development and may have long-term effects on cognitive development as well. Most emotional abuse is verbal. In these cases, parents or caregivers continually put the child down, blame him for problems that he could not possibly have caused, call him names or use similar forms of verbal abuse. Emotional abuse may also involve non-physical punishment designed to humiliate, shame or terrify the child. Sexual Abuse Sexual abuse occurs when an adult has inappropriate sexual involvement with a child. It may involve sexual talking or texting or any physical contact such as intercourse, sodomy or touching. As with other forms of abuse, sexual abuse has devastating long-term effects on a childs psychological and physiological development. Wrapping Up School staff members are required by law to report incidents of suspected abuse of children. If you are concerned that a child may be the victim of abuse, it is important to contact the police to make a report. Reporting abuse is a critical first step in protecting the child and getting the family the help it needs to stop the cycle of abuse and neglect.

Virtual Psychiatrist Essay - 911 Words

One of the most critical areas of progress for biotechnology is in diagnostics these days, and new diagnostic medical technology has captured a lot of attention because it’s being used to streamline the diagnostic processes for the seemingly least likely health conditions. Now, new research adds autism to that list, and that opens the door to all sorts of diagnostic medtech for neurological conditions. In India, where there is a very significant psychiatrist shortage, medtech that enhances diagnoses for mental illness is incredibly valuable. India’s psychiatrist shortage means that mental illness often goes undiagnosed in rural areas, and patients, therefore, are less likely to get the right treatment for their conditions. A so-called†¦show more content†¦CDSS covered 18 mental disorders that were most commonly observed: psychosis delirium, generalized anxiety disorder, depression, dysthymia, dementia, panic disorder, mania, obsessive-compulsive disorder, somato form disorder, phobias, dissociative disorder, severe stress response and adjustment disorder, alcohol dependence, neurasthenia, substance dependence, sexual dysfunctions and mental retardation. â€Å"Mental health care is mostly unavailable or inaccessible in most parts of the country. About 90% [of] patients in need of psychiatric treatment do not get it due to lack of psychiatrists. One system fills that gap by creating a virtual psychiatrist,† according to lead researcher Savita Malhorta. The lack of psychiatrists appears to be making India the leader in what might be a burgeoning trend in medical diagnostic technology worldwide. The U.S. is already making similar progress but from a different angle, given that America isn’t pressed by a dearth of psychologists to fill in any particular gap. Micah Mazurek, in fact, is a clinical psychologist and associate professor at the University of Virginia, and she’s been laboring over a project in the Curry School of Education—a Virginia UniversityShow MoreRelatedThe New Problem of Internet Addiction764 Words   |  3 Pagesto one another. The internet enables people to communicate almost instantly, research and access data or information, and is most commonly used for email. The popularity of email has almost seen the demise of postal services (Harris, 2007). This essay will argue that one concern for users of the internet is addiction, as millions of users become consumed in the habit, with severe cases of internet addiction resulting in death and violence. Internet addiction is a habit addiction, rather than aRead MoreFeelings in Mind Essay1540 Words   |  7 Pagesthere are great changes in people’s daily lives. On the one hand, the use of technology in various territories brings people great convenience. On the other hand, these advanced techniques may cause some problems in social and personal aspects. In the essay â€Å"Alone Together†, the author, Sherry Turkle, illustrates that the technology not only does offer convenience to people, but also leads people to have inauthentic feelings and self-denial behaviors. Moreover, the intimacy offered by robots leads peopleRead MoreThe Go Pro Is Like Brownie And The Polaroid963 Words   |  4 Pagesalso mentioned in an essay written by Richard Restak that states, Multitasking forces our brains to process every-increasing amounts of information at increasing rates, which raises a question. Is the recent social and cultural trend toward multitasking actually rewiring our brai ns and ceasing such problems as ADD and ADHD?.(p10 of The Brain Syndrome of Our Era) It s definitely possible. I agree with Restak s views on the side effect of multitask for Instance psychiatrist Edward, Hallowell, andRead MoreMadness as An Individual Attribute Or A Process Of Social Construction2729 Words   |  11 Pagesmadness? These questions are ultimately philosophical and ultimately unanswerable. But asking such questions does not entirely unrewarding, since it is our societal understand which informs our treatment of the mad. Principal to this essay is an understanding of social representations of madness, which comprise of notions what is assumed to be normal within a society, wherein lies the danger of relegating the experiences of the mentally ill as abnormal and something toRead MoreThe Importance Of Technology1345 Words   |  6 Pagesfar† versus what proves to be actually beneficial. Prominent writer Maria Konnikova has contributed many essays on the evolution of technology in today’s society, her approach to technological advancements is phrased perfectly in her own words â€Å"it’s a vision equal parts entrancing and frightening,† (2014). Konnikova explores topics such as the highlights and pitfalls of the development of virtual realities and the â€Å"addiction† we’ve developed to the internet. In Konnikova’s piece â€Å"Is Internet AddictionRead More ¬Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¬Examine How One or More Factors (Biological, Cognitive, Socio-Cultural) Influence Either One Specific Anxiety Disorder or One Specific Eating Disorder?1838 Words   |  8 Pagesspecific circumstances may affect our perspective upon it. This essay will look as post-traumatic stress disorder (a severe anxiety disorder that can develop after exposure to any event resulting in psychological trauma) and the way factors from the cognitive and socio-cultural levels influence it and its classification. In psychology it is very difficult to correctly identify and classify psychological disorder since the psychiatrist will often have to rely primarily on the patient’s subjective descriptionRead More Capitalism, Marketing, and the Insidious and Covert Co-optation of the Self6482 Words   |  26 PagesNUM) This essay studies the covert, market driven forces at work in our choices of images for the avatars inhabiting cyberspace, in order to understand the dangers of the exchange of self-images for advertisements. To forge a set of alternative resistant and forceful conditions for imaging what Sherry Turkle has termed the second self, tactics based in imaging, language, and psychology can be opposed to the insidious and covert co-optation of the self by commodities. This essay is an attemptRead MoreDont Worry About Those That Play Video Games, Be Cautious of Those Who Dont Play1948 Words   |  8 Pageschildren to experience the media. This has been done to protect the children from inappropriate or violent media, however even with these ratings in place, children still see violent or scary images in the media geared towards them. In Stephen King’s essay, â€Å"My Creature from the Black Lagoon,† he argues that to children â€Å"even Disney movies are minefields of terror † (585) and that â€Å"almost everything has scare potential for the child under eight. Children are literally afraid of their own shadows at theRead More Prejudice and Racism: All Men are Equal, Unless They Are Black2397 Words   |  10 Pagesdrug offenders sentenced to prison. What you have here, is not a war on drugs, but the selective imprisonment and disenfranchisement of young people of color. ---Rep. Jesse Jackson Jr. Additionally, prison time often means a return to virtual slave labor for many inmates. In an article entitled Look for the Prison Label, Julie Light, editor of the magazine Corporate Watch notes that prison labor has its roots in slave labor. Corporations like Boeing, Victorias Secret, Eddie Bauer, andRead MoreSocial Networking Sites-Boon/Bane15517 Words   |  63 Pagesthe choicest Hindi expletives. Social networking sites Orkut and Facebook have become a fertile ground for scores of groups based on ethnicity and caste. Key in the word caste into either site, or indeed others, and up pops a cascading list of virtual caste colonies, some of which aim to unite members and some which spew venom. Orkut has thousands of these communities — for instance, Brahmins Culture and Tradition , I Hate Intercaste Marriage and The Great Maratha — which have hundreds of

Crustaceans Species, Characteristics, and Diet

Crustaceans are some of the most important marine animals. Humans rely heavily on crustaceans for food; and crustaceans are also an important prey  source for  marine life  in the ocean food chain for a variety of animals, including whales, fish, and pinnipeds. More diverse than any group of arthropods, crustaceans are second or third in abundance of all categories of animal life after insects and vertebrates. They live in inland and ocean waters from the Arctic to the Antarctic as well as from elevations in the Himalayas up to 16,000 feet to well below sea level. Fast Facts: Crustaceans Scientific Name: CrustaceaCommon Names: Crabs, lobsters, barnacles, and shrimpBasic Animal Group: InvertebrateSize:  From 0.004 inches to over 12 feet (Japanese spider crab)Weight: Up to 44 pounds (American lobster)Lifespan: 1 to 10 yearsDiet:  OmnivoreHabitat: Throughout the oceans, in tropical to frigid waters; in freshwater streams, estuaries and in groundwaterPopulation: UnknownConservation Status: Many crustaceans are extinct, extinct in the wild, or endangered or critical. Most are classified as Least Concern. Description Crustaceans include commonly-known marine life such as crabs, lobsters, barnacles, and shrimp. These animals are in the Phylum Arthropoda (the same phylum as insects) and Subphylum Crustacea. According to the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, there are over 52,000 species of crustaceans. The largest crustacean is the Japanese spider crab, at over 12 feet long; the smallest are microscopic in size. All crustaceans have a hard exoskeleton which protects the animal from predators and prevents water loss. However, exoskeletons dont grow as the animal inside them grows, so crustaceans are forced to molt as they grow larger. The molting process takes between a few minutes to several hours.  During molting, a soft exoskeleton forms underneath the old one and the old exoskeleton is shed. Since the new exoskeleton is soft, this is a vulnerable time for the crustacean until the new exoskeleton hardens. After molting, crustaceans typically expand their bodies almost immediately, increasing by 40 percent to 80 percent. Many crustaceans, such as the American lobster, have a distinct head, a thorax, and an abdomen. However, these body parts arent distinct in some crustaceans, such as the barnacle. Crustaceans have gills for breathing. Crustaceans have two pairs of antennae. They have mouths made up of one pair of mandibles (which are eating appendages behind the crustaceans antennae) and two pairs of maxillae (the mouth parts located after the mandibles). Most crustaceans are free-ranging, like lobsters and crabs, and some even migrate long distances. But some, like barnacles, are sessile—they live attached to a hard substrate most of their lives. Rowan Coe/Getty Images Species Crustaceans are a subphylum of the Arthropoda phylum in the Animalia. According to the World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS), there are seven classes of crustaceans: Branchiopoda (branchiopods)Cephalocarida (horseshoe shrimp)Malacostraca (decapods—crabs, lobsters, and shrimps)Maxillopoda (copepods and barnacles)Ostracoda (seed shrimp)Remipedia (remipedes)Pentastomida (tongue worms) Habitat and Range If youre looking for crustaceans to eat, look no further than your local grocery store or fish market. But seeing them in the wild is almost as easy. If youd like to see a wild marine crustacean, visit your local beach or tide pool and look carefully under rocks or seaweed, where you might find a crab or even a small lobster hiding. You might also find some small shrimp paddling around.   Crustaceans live in freshwater plankton and benthic (bottom-dwelling) habitats, and can also be found residing in groundwater near rivers and in caves. In temperate locations, small streams support some crayfish and shrimp species. Species richness in inland waters is highest in fresh water, but there are species that live in salt and hypersaline environments.  Ã‚   To protect themselves from predators, some crustaceans are night hunters; others stay in protected shallow slack-water locations. Rare and geographically isolated species are found in karst caverns which get little if any light from the surface. As a result some of those species are blind and unpigmented.   Diet and Behavior Within the literally thousands of species, there is a wide variety of feeding techniques among crustaceans. Crustaceans are omnivores, although some species eat algae and others like crabs and lobsters are predators and scavengers of other animals, feeding on those that are already dead. Some, like barnacles, remain in place and filter plankton from the water. Some crustaceans eat their own species, newly molted individuals, and young or injured members. Some even change their diets as they mature. Reproduction and Offspring Crustaceans are primarily dioecious—made up of male and female sexes—and therefore reproduce sexually. However, there are sporadic species among the ostracods and brachiopods that reproduce by gonochorism, a process by which each individual animal has one of two sexes; or by hermaphroditism, in which each animal has complete sex organs for both male and female sexes; or by parthenogenesis, in which the offspring develop from unfertilized  eggs. In general, crustaceans are polyandrous—mating more than once in the same breeding season—and are fertilized within the female. Some may begin the gestation process immediately. Other crustaceans such as crayfish store the spermatozoa for many months before the eggs are fertilized and allowed to develop. Depending on the species, crustaceans disperse eggs directly into the water column, or they carry the eggs in a pouch. Some carry the eggs in a long string and attach the strings to rocks and other objects where they grow and develop. Crustacean larvae also vary in shape and development process by species, some going through multiple changes before reaching adulthood. Copepod larvae are known as nauplii, and they swim using their antennae. Crab crab larvae are zoea which swim using thoracic appendages.   Conservation Status Many crustaceans are on the International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List as vulnerable, endangered or extinct in the wild. Most are classified as Least Concern.   Sources ï » ¿Coulombe, Deborah A. The Seaside Naturalist. New York: Simon Schuster, 1984.Martinez, Andrew J. 2003. Marine Life of the North Atlantic. Aqua Quest Publications, Inc.: New YorkMyers, P. 2001. Crustacea (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Thorp, James H., D. Christopher Rogers, and Alan P. Covich. Chapter 27 - Introduction to â€Å"Crustacea. Thorp and Covichs Freshwater Invertebrates (Fourth Edition). Eds. Thorp, James H. and D. Christopher Rogers. Boston: Academic Press, 2015. 671–86.WoRMS. 2011. Crustacea. World Register of Marine Species.

Communication Is The Most Effective Form Of Business...

In a work environment communication is major factor. There are two forms of communication: oral communication and written communication. Oral Communication is the process of verbally transmitting to give and exchange information to another person (or people). Oral communication can be formal or informal. Formal types of oral communication are business lectures, presentations at business meetings, commencement speeches. Informal types of oral communication are discussions that take place in a business meeting, telephone conversations or face-to-face conversations. Oral communication has adapted along with technology allowing teleconferences, video chat. Most work places had adapted to using video conferences and teleconferences using a network to reach any and all stakeholders in any location. Written communication is the most important communication in a workplace. Written communication involves any type of message that makes use of the written word. Written communication is also th e most effective form of business communication. Examples of written communication in a workplace include: email, letters, proposals, contracts, brochures and advertisement, internet websites, faxes, newsletters. When communicating in a workplace understanding who your audience is can help determine the tools and forms and information you use and give to communicate. First understanding the subject and what your audience knows and needs to know can help you communicate appropriately. YourShow MoreRelatedCommunication Is The Most Effective Form Of Business Communication Essay949 Words   |  4 Pagesenvironment communication is major factor. There are two forms of communication: oral communication and written communication. Oral Communication is the process of verbally transmitting to give and exchange information to another person (or people). Oral communication can be formal or informal. Formal types of oral communication are business lectures, presentations at business meetings, commencement speeches. Informal types of oral communication are discussions that take place in a business meeting,Read MoreOrganizational Communication Essay1188 Words   |  5 Pagesslogan of global village, comm unication has become a burning issue. The world has turned into a global village, and one cannot survive alone. As man is a social animal, he cannot overcome worldly activities alone. For the fulfillment of daily activities and usual deeds, he needs help from other people and have to communicate with others. Infect, in habitual life everyone spend a lot of time in communicating i.e. writing, reading, talking and listening. People spent most of their time in communicatingRead MoreIndustrial and Organizational Psychology1680 Words   |  7 PagesINTRODUCTION Effective Communication is significant for managers in the organizations so as to perform the basic functions of management, i.e., Planning, Organizing, Leading and Controlling. Communication helps managers to perform their jobs and responsibilities. Communication serves as a foundation for planning. All the essential information must be communicated to the managers who in-turn must communicate the plans so as to implement them. Organizing also requires effective communication with othersRead MoreIndustrial and Organizational Psychology1680 Words   |  7 PagesINTRODUCTION Effective Communication is significant for managers in the organizations so as to perform the basic functions of management, i.e., Planning, Organizing, Leading and Controlling. Communication helps managers to perform their jobs and responsibilities. Communication serves as a foundation for planning. All the essential information must be communicated to the managers who in-turn must communicate the plans so as to implement them. Organizing also requires effective communication with othersRead MoreCommunication Process1412 Words   |  6 PagesCommunication can best be summarized as the transmission of a message from a sender to a receiver in an understandable manner. The importance of effective communication is immeasurable in the world of business and in personal life. From a business perspective, effective communication is an absolute must, because it commonly accounts for the difference between success and failure or profit and loss. It has become clear that effective business co mmunication is critical to the successful operation ofRead MoreEffective Communication For A Managerial Level1587 Words   |  7 PagesIt is critical to develop communication on a managerial level and to know your target audience; in addition, to determine the appropriate style and format of communicating with the audience. According to the business dictionary, the meaning of effective communication is A two way information sharing process which involves one party sending a message that is easily understood by the receiving party. Effective communication by business managers facilitates information sharing between company employeesRead MoreEssay about Business Communication: What is Communication1502 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Business communication is abound in todays society. The ability to communicate has always had its advantages, with its rich history, and traditions, modern business communication is valued as a modern day concept. Business executives rate the ability of business communication skills as among the personal factors necessary in gaining a job. As stated by Hynes (2005)† effective business communication is the key to planning, leading, organizing, and controlling the resources of the organizationsRead MoreEfficient Business Communications in Companies Today Means Full Use of Social Media and Modern Technologies1411 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Communication is one of the most important factors in any organization or relationship. It is â€Å"the process of people sharing thoughts, ideas, information and feelings with each other in commonly understandable ways† (Hamilton, 2011, p. 3). When you can communicate properly in a business then it runs smoothly without communicational mistakes and misinterpretation. The main purpose of efficient business communications is to generate a positive, reliable and consistent reputation withRead MoreProfessional Communication1467 Words   |  6 PagesContents Page * Introduction 1 * Basic Communication 1 * Classification of Communication 1 * Objectives and purposes of Communications 1 * Scope of Communication in any functional Organization 2 * Different mediums of Communication 2 * Modes of Communication 2 * Barriers to Communication 3 * Principles of Effective Communication 3 * Business Correspondence Letters 3 * Enquiries, Quotations, ComplaintsRead MoreUnit 4 Business Level 3 Assignment 4665 Words   |  3 Pages4 Non- electronic communication involves the distribution of a message usually in the form of: Reports, Letters, Flow Charts, Invoices and even Verbal Communication amongst employees. This form of communicating is not as popular as it once was, but it provides businesses with other avenues to communicate instead of electronic communication. Furthermore, different types of communication suit contrasting businesses in addition to, the preference of people involved within a business. What Is Non- Electronic

Pictorial Narratives Time and Tales Essay Example For Students

Pictorial Narratives Time and Tales Essay Art, paintings, images, sculptures serve to be an immortal representation of the lifestyles of the era and the region from which they originate. They are like windows, enabling us to take a peek into the representational imagery which is in relation to the religious doctrines, rituals, ceremonies as well as the prevalent social customs. These pieces of art preserve and document what was once there, and become an important historic relic as time passes. Art focuses our attention even on studying the iconography and symbolism of the era they depict. It becomes pivotal in comparing the present day iconography and symbolisms to those of the yester years as well as to know the roots of the same. Most importantly, paintings narrate events, stories and lore which are then smoothly passed on from generation to generation. For instance, the pictorial storytelling at sites such as the Stupa at Sanchi, the Ajanta and Ellora caves, the Mogao caves at Dunhuanga demonstrate clearly how they are integral to the religious trends followed there. Along similar lines, studies have highlighted how the pictorial inscriptions on the early Chinese tombs, shrines and monuments function as a requisite for the social purposes as well as religious rituals. 2 This article too, looks at some of the paintings coming from the yester eons, each speaking to the viewer about certain events or incidents, depicting the passage of time in them as well. Original Image: Unknown workshop, possibly Malwa, 1425-50, Published: Goswamy- A Jainesque Sultanate Shahnama (1988), Opaque watercolor and ink on paper. Picture Credits: Guy John, Britschgi Jorrit, Wonder of the Age: Master Painters of India, 1100-1900, (New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2011) p. 31. This original painting is taken from the pages of a Shahanama manuscript (the famous Islamic Epic novels: The Shahnama (book of kings) of Firdawsi. ) The original manuscript was bound as a single codex format volume comprising of 350 pages of Persian text, 66 of which are illustrated. 3 The painting here narrates the story of the tragic death of a Prince name Siyavas4. While resting in his bed chambers with his wife, the Prince is dragged out of his abode while his helpless wife gapes in horror. The Prince is taken outside and taken advantage of his ammunition less state to kill him. This painting becomes a pictorial narrative, as in a single picture frame, two simultaneous instances are depicted vividly. The change in the backdrop as well as the scenery depicts the continuity of the narrative within the single frame. When inside the bed chambers, the painting of the pavilion which changes into a scenery having trees in the background depict the journey of the Prince as he helplessly fought his way from life to death. 5 Also, the figures and the positions of the Prince and that of the soldier who is killing him are repeated in the picture. Since there cannot be a particular person present in two different areas at once; the scene clearly indicates that it is a continuous story narration which follows the movements of the characters. The other important point which makes the story depicted in the picture clearer to the viewer is the character differentiation. Though the styles of drawing the eyes, the eyebrows, the nose and other facial features is alike, it is evident from the uniform, from the ornamented horse and the jeweled quiver of arrows that the one who is doing the killing is the soldier in the army. Similarly considering the grand pavilion and night clothes, it is evident that a higher member of the royal family is resting in his resting chambers when the dramatic attack might have happened. This and the use of close strokes and very closely spaced dots upon the uniform of the soldier as well as upon the pavilion tells us more about the type of very clustered designs on the Royal garments were prevalent in the Iranian Sultanate. As for the painting style of the localized anonymous artist; the painting depicts a clear juxtaposition of the Indian and the Iranian styles of painting. The uniform of the soldier is that of an Iranian while the large canopy of the pavilion and the artistic style of drawing the trees is a clear reflection of Indian art6. Evidence and Methodology in Darwin's Origin of the Species EssayThe first frame in this linear picture depicts the scene in the forest where the Deer rescues the drowning man. This scene progresses from the leftmost position towards the centre of the painting. However, the events which happen in the palace, where the Queen desires to posses the Deer and the king’s hunting party sets off for it progresses from the rightmost position to the centre of the painting. Thus the narrative ends towards the centre of the painting, where the incidents to the left of the central finale happen earlier than those to the right of the central finale. In other words, some scenes move from left to right while others move from right to left to end near the centre of the whole composition. The composition is very unusual to be a hand scroll. However, this arrangement separates the events taking place in the wilderness as well as in the worldly context of the palace. Thus the composition creates a difference not only in the geographical elements of the spaces where the story takes place, but also in the morals significantly attached to the two parts of the story. Hence, even though the pictorial narrative of the Deer King Jataka resembles the hand scrolls in appearance, the composition and the depiction of the narrative does not fit within the boundaries of the hand scroll conventions. 18 Also the presence of the same characters in the story line at different positions at the same time shows the continuous aspect of the narrative depicted in the painting. The passage of time is also inevitably depicted by the journeys which the character undertakes from the wilderness to the palace and vice versa. It is also the journey of the morals as they are subjected to change as the environment around the person chang The Chinese style of painting is very evident with the classical roof tops (along with their curved ends) of the palace building. The wilderness is characterized by the presence of conical shrubs repeated along its entire length. Thus both of the paintings showcase a continuous narrative. The frames do not stop the flow of the narrative by limiting it to the size or the general norms of the canvas. These paintings make time stop and depict the different happenings going on about at the same time simultaneously so as to complete the narrative without any unnecessary breaks or stops. Time here is a tool which is played along with. Chronological order, flashbacks, just showing important elements instead of showing the whole time lapse, change of scenery to depict journeys or travels, following the story with the changing positions of the same characters all along the length of pictorial narrative are some of the ways in which the passage of time is depicted in these paintings. Bibliography: 1. Julia Murray. Archives of Asian Art, Buddhism and Early Narrative Illustration in China. (University of Hawaii Press for the Asia Society, 1995), vol. 48. http://www.jstor.org/stable/20111252 Accessed date: June 12, 2015. 2. John Guy, Jorrit Britschgi. Wonder of the Age: Master Painters of India, 1100-1900. (New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2011)